Every bus scans a forward sensor cone (range + field of view) for obstacles, fusing distance and bearing much like a real LiDAR/radar stack. When an obstacle falls inside the cone, the controller computes a safe stopping distance: d_stop = v²/(2·a) + v·t_r (v = current speed, a = comfortable braking deceleration, t_r = sensor-to-actuator reaction time) and throttles down proportionally to keep that margin — the same principle behind real adaptive cruise control and autonomous-transit safety systems. Switch to Manual to disable the sensor loop and see how quickly unguarded buses collide with crossing pedestrians instead of braking for them.