Research of low-temperature physics, superconductivity, and quantum fluids
Energy of electron pairs:
where Tc - critical temperature, kB - Boltzmann constant
Magnetic field expulsion:
M = -H - full diamagnetization
Superconductor conductivity:
G₀ = 2e²/h ≈ 77.5 µS - conductance quantum
Negative conductivity:
Hc(0) - critical field at T = 0
Supercapacity is a phenomenon of zero electrical resistance and complete expulsion of magnetic fields at low temperatures.
The Meissner effect involves complete expulsion of magnetic fields from the volume of a superconductor, leading to levitation of magnets.
Quantum fluid (for example, rare helium) shows quantum properties on a macroscale, including superfluidity.
CRITICAL temperature defines the boundary below which material becomes a conductor. Higher CRITICAL temperature allows using cheaper cooling systems.