Tennis Ball Flight, Spin and Bounce

Click or drag on the court to place the aim point. Drag the server or the receiver to move them. Drag the sky to orbit.

Shot presets

Ball

Speed

Topspin

Sidespin

Contact height

Aim and environment

Auto-aim (solve launch angle for the target)

Launch angle

Crosswind

Opp. speed

Time scale

Serve rules (diagonal service box)

Show planned path (no wind)

Readouts

Speed0 km/h

Height0 m

Spin0 rpm

Time0.00 s

Launch angle0°

Net clearance-

Bounce at-

Bounce speed-

Rebound angle-

Wind drift-

Call-

Opponent-

Ball speed vs. time (km/h)

Side view: height vs. distance

Model: gravity, quadratic drag (Cd 0.55) and Magnus lift with Cl = 1/(2 + v/(Rω)) (Mehta 1985; Cross 2002). Bounce: restitution plus Coulomb friction with sliding or rolling contact, hollow-sphere inertia (2/3 mR²). Surface values are illustrative. Displayed ball spin is slowed for legibility.