Old variant New variant S-curve (adoption %)

Language Change Diffusion (2D): S-Curve Adoption on a Speaker Network

This 2D companion drives the same speaker-network diffusion model as the 3D version through a plain canvas view: a force-laid-out Watts–Strogatz graph of 90 speakers spreads a new word variant node by node while a live S-curve chart plots the exact adoption percentage against generation number, making the superlinear-adoption mechanism behind real sound changes — and its dependence on prestige, contact rate and network reach — directly readable instead of only visually implied.