Cosmetic Spray Robot 2D — Surface-Angle Coating Deposition

Coverage Zone

Applicator Parameters

Sweep speed 0.55

Spray distance 0.16

Surface angle 18°

Path spacing 0.055

Live Readouts

Zone coverage

Avg. thickness

Passes done

Deposition efficiency

How it works

This is the unwrapped (u,v) surface map of the same curved cosmetic bust used by the 3D version of this simulator: u is the angular sweep position (0→2π around the head) and v runs crown (0) → chin (1). The nozzle drives a boustrophedon raster — full u sweeps, stepping v by the path spacing after each pass — exactly as a real coating-robot toolpath would.

Δthickness = k · efficiency / standoff² · exp( -dist(u,v)² / 2σ_eff² ) · dt
efficiency = cos(θ)                         (Lambert's cosine law for spray incidence)
σ_eff(along sweep) = σ / max(cos θ, 0.25)   (grazing angle elongates the footprint)
σ = standoff · tan(coneHalfAngle)

Unlike the 3D engine — which always keeps the nozzle exactly normal to the surface and therefore never actually varies its incidence angle — this 2D companion makes surface angle a real, driveable parameter: it is the residual misalignment between the nozzle axis and the local surface normal (imperfect tracking, a stiff joint limit, a fast corner). At 0° every drop lands; as the angle grows, less material sticks (dimmer main streak), the footprint stretches along the sweep direction, and a second, wider, low-amplitude halo appears — the overspray that a real cosmetic-coating or spray-tan rig loses to drift and airborne fallout at shallow incidence.

Tight path spacing overlaps successive passes enough to hide the per-line Gaussian falloff; too wide a spacing (relative to the spray footprint) leaves visible dark bands between rows — the same trade-off a coating-robot programmer tunes against cycle time.

unwrapped surface (u × v)

Boustrophedon toolpath Nozzle Deposited coating