Scenario

Surgeon console

Readouts

Time
Targets
Vessel hits
Path
Shaft angle
Insertion
Elbow angle
Port offset
Tremor raw
Tremor at tip
Port force
Tip height

Tremor at tip (mm): hand vs. tip

Force on the abdominal wall (N)

Drag in the section view to move the tip (scaled by the motion scale); drag the orange port to move the trocar. Same model as the 3D version: pivot about the port, 2-link arm by inverse kinematics, 7-12 Hz tremor, first-order low-pass filter, 1.8 N/cm wall stiffness when RCM is off (illustrative).