Quantum Algorithms Explained
Quantum algorithms use superposition and interference to speed up search and factoring. Learn the big ideas and limitations.
📚 Principles
- Qubits: amplitudes for |0⟩ and |1⟩
- Entanglement: correlations beyond classical
- Interference: amplify correct answers, cancel others
🧪 Algorithms
- Grover: O(√N) search via amplitude amplification
- Shor: polynomial-time factoring using period finding
- QFT: quantum Fourier transform as a subroutine
❓ Frequently Asked Questions
1) Do quantum computers try all answers at once?
They explore superpositions but measurement collapses; interference is key.
They explore superpositions but measurement collapses; interference is key.
2) Error correction?
Quantum error correction encodes logical qubits across many physical qubits.
Quantum error correction encodes logical qubits across many physical qubits.
3) NISQ?
Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum era with limited depth and fidelity.
Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum era with limited depth and fidelity.
4) Post-quantum crypto?
New schemes resist known quantum attacks.
New schemes resist known quantum attacks.