Time 06:00f 50.00 HzWind 0 MWSolar 0 MWGas 0 MWBattery 0 MWDemand 0 MWFPS 0

Drag to orbit, wheel or pinch to zoom. Cyan = wind power, yellow = solar, purple = battery, orange = gas, white = demand. The nacelle, battery container and gas turbine hall are cut open; use the view buttons.

Wind, Solar and Battery Grid: Cutaway Lab

3D island grid: a wind farm, solar park, battery yard, substation, gas turbine hall and city. Same live model as the 2D control room: swing equation, droop governors, battery fast response, curtailment.

Weather and demand

Battery and grid functions

Battery strategy

Automatic curtailment Secondary control (AGC) Over-frequency droop (50.2 Hz)

Gas units and events

Live readouts

Frequency, last 120 s

Supply and demand, last 24 h

Missions

Independent numerical checks

Controls

Drag or one finger: orbit; wheel or pinch: zoom; the five view buttons fly to the nacelle, battery rack, gas turbine and substation.
Day speed 120x means a 24 h day takes 12 minutes; frequency physics always runs in real seconds.
Unit trip removes the most loaded gas machine; with fast battery response at 0 the frequency may fall below 49 Hz and shed load.

The science

Swing equation. The gas machines hold kinetic energy E_k = sum H S = 3 x 5 s x 110 MVA. A supply-demand mismatch changes it: dE_k/dt = ΔP, f = f₀ sqrt(E_k/E_k,nom), i.e. df/dt = f₀ ΔP/(2E_k). Wind, solar and the battery inverter add no inertia unless the battery imitates it.

Droop. Governors: ΔP = -(Δf/f₀) P_n/R, R = 4 %, 4 s lag; load damping 1.5 %/%. Settled deviation Δf = -ΔP/(sum P_n/(R f₀) + D); AGC integrates the error to restore 50 Hz.

Wind and solar. P = 1/2 rho A C_p v³ η (96 m rotor, C_p 0.45 < Betz 0.593), rated 3 MW at 11.7 m/s, cut-out 25 m/s. Solar: G = 1098 sin a e^{-0.057/sin a}, clouds G(1 - 0.75 c^3.4), P = P_stc (G/1000)(1 - 0.0035 (T_c - 25)) 0.87.

Battery. 100 MW / 200 MWh, one-way efficiency sqrt(0.90); fast response P = -K (f - 50 -/+ 0.03). Surplus beyond battery and minimum gas output (3 x 30 MW) must be curtailed.

Simplifications. Single bus, aggregated fleets, simple gas heat rate, illustrative sizes; the 3D diorama is scaled (rotor 52 m) so the machinery fits in view.

Not affiliated with any utility or manufacturer. Typical textbook values.