This 2D companion drives the exact same electrochemical model as
the 3D cell — only the view changes. A flat cross-section replaces
the orbiting scene, and a scrolling strip chart below it plots
voltage, state of charge and state-of-health over the last
60 seconds so you can read trends directly instead of watching a
single instantaneous number.
C-rate sets how fast the cell is charged or discharged
relative to its rated capacity (1C empties/fills it in about an
hour, 3C in about 20 minutes) — higher C-rates move ions faster
but stress the cell. Temperature changes ion mobility
directly: warmer electrolyte lets Li⁺ ions diffuse faster, cold
electrolyte slows them down.
- Current — the base electrode current as a percentage
of maximum.
- C-rate — multiplies how fast ions actually move and
how quickly voltage/capacity change; also drives fast-charge
wear.
- Temperature — speeds up or slows down ion motion and
nudges long-run capacity to reflect real degradation at
extremes.
This mirrors real packs: EV fast-charging at high C-rates cuts
charge time but wears the cell faster, and lithium-ion batteries
sag in voltage and lose usable capacity in cold weather because
sluggish ion transport can't keep up with demand.