Side view of a ball launched on any world. The dashed arc is the airless parabola, the solid arc includes quadratic air drag and wind. Try Venus: its thick air changes everything.
Without air, motion is a parabola: x = v0cosθ t, y = h0 + v0sinθ t - g t²/2, and the range from height h0 is R = (v0cosθ/g)(v0sinθ + √(v0²sin²θ + 2gh0)).
With air, the drag force is quadratic: F = ½ ρ Cd A |vrel| vrel with vrel = v - vwind and A = πr². The equations of motion dv/dt = g + F/m are integrated with 4th-order Runge-Kutta. A falling body reaches terminal speed vt = √(2 m g / (ρ Cd A)).
Surface air density: Earth 1.225, Mars 0.020, Titan 5.4, Venus about 65 kg/m³ (92 bar of CO2), Moon essentially 0.
Simplifications: constant density (no altitude profile), constant Cd (real Cd of a sphere changes with Reynolds number), no spin (Magnus force), flat ground, uniform horizontal wind.