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The science
Same model as the 3D page: apple mass m = 0.18 kg, gravity g = 9.82 m/s^2, kick impulse J = power/10 N s so v0 = J/m at the chosen angle, Cannon-style linear damping v ← v (1 - 0.012)^dt, ground restitution e = 0.18 + 0.52 * firmness.
Without damping the range on flat ground is the textbook R = v0^2 sin(2 theta) / g and apex H = v0^2 sin^2(theta) / (2 g). Each bounce keeps the vertical speed fraction e, so successive apex heights scale as e^2 and energy lost per bounce is (1 - e^2) of the vertical kinetic part.
Simplifications: the 2D page ignores spin and the Magnus force and treats the apple as a point; tangential ground friction removes horizontal speed with a simple coefficient while sliding/rolling after bounces. The optional air drag is quadratic with C_d = 0.47, apple radius 4 cm.
What to try
- Switch off damping and drag: the landing point matches the vacuum parabola.
- Soft apple (low firmness): the bounce chain dies almost at once.
- Compare 45 and 30 degrees at the same power: 45 goes furthest in vacuum.
- Enable air drag and see the range shrink and the angle of descent steepen.