City Traffic Intersection — Car-Following & Signal Timing (2D)

This 2D companion views the same signalled four-way intersection as its 3D counterpart from directly overhead, but drives every vehicle with a real car-following model (the Intelligent Driver Model) instead of a binary stop/go rule. Each car, bus and truck continuously reacts to the gap and closing speed of whatever is directly ahead of it — another vehicle, or a red light treated as a stationary obstacle at the stop line — so braking chains realistically backward through a queue and stop-and-go waves emerge the way they do on a real road. Tune vehicle density and the traffic-light cycle to see how quickly congestion builds at the intersection and how long it takes to clear once the queue starts moving again.