Meltwater percolating into crevasses widens them over time — modeled here as a stress value that climbs at a rate set by the meltwater slider. When stress reaches 100% the overhanging shelf fractures: a block detaches at the crack, falls under the gravity you set, and shatters into a spray of ballistic splash particles on impact with the ocean.
- Shelf length — how far the ice currently overhangs the water; it shrinks with every calving event and slowly rebuilds as upstream ice flows forward (the "ice flow" slider).
- Ocean — a windblown surface built from three summed sine waves whose amplitude follows the turbulence slider; falling blocks and splash particles both respect the current wave height when checking for impact.
- Splash particles — spawned at the impact point with a random ballistic velocity, then fall under the same gravity and fade out, mirroring how a real calving event throws spray outward before it collapses back into the sea.