Research of nanoscale phenomena, molecular machines, and quantum effects
Probability of passing through a potential barrier:
where d - barrier width, V - barrier height, E - particle energy
Quantum conductor conductivity:
G₀ = 2e²/h ≈ 77.5 µS - conductance quantum
Force between parallel plates:
d - distance between plates, ħ - Planck constant
Surface energy of nanoparticles:
r - particle radius, γ - surface tension coefficient
Quantum tunneling is the phenomenon of a particle passing through a potential barrier even if its energy is lower than the barrier's height.
MOLECULAR MACHINES - are nanoscale devices that can perform mechanical work using chemical energy or external stimuli.
Casimir effect - this is the attraction between two uncharged metal plates in a vacuum due to quantum fluctuations of the vacuum.
When缩小至纳米级别，会出现量子效应，改变物质的物理、化学和生物学性质。