Watch two soil columns side by side, growing the same crop under identical rainfall conditions. The left column receives a conventional bulk fertilizer dose dumped near the surface; the right column carries the same total nutrient mass sealed into nanoscale capsules distributed through the root zone. Bulk nutrient drifts downward with soil moisture and is only captured if it happens to pass an active root — most of it leaches away. Capsules stay sealed until a growing root tip actually reaches them, releasing their payload exactly where and when the plant can use it. Adjust rainfall and apply repeated doses to compare leaching loss and nutrient-use efficiency between the two delivery strategies.