⚠ Couldn't load the 3D engineThree.js failed to load from the CDN. Check your connection and reload.
This simulation follows the full exosome-mediated signaling pathway in 3D: inside a donor cell's late endosome, ESCRT-III filaments constrict budding necks until membrane scission releases intraluminal vesicles into a multivesicular body; the MVB periodically fuses with the plasma membrane, releasing exosomes that drift across the extracellular space; and on arrival at a recipient cell, surface ligands bind membrane receptors under real mass-action kinetics, driving an ultrasensitive Hill-function downstream signal. Tune ESCRT constriction rate, ligand density, transport speed and receptor off-rate, and watch exosome output, receptor occupancy and signal amplitude respond live.