The simulation shows, in an interactive 3D model, how rising or falling plasma osmolality changes hypothalamic osmoreceptor firing, posterior pituitary ADH release, and the resulting insertion of aquaporin-2 channels in kidney collecting ducts to control urine concentration.
Adjust hydration status or simulate factors like dehydration or alcohol intake using the sliders, then watch osmoreceptor activity, circulating ADH levels, and urine osmolality update in real time across the hypothalamus-pituitary-kidney axis.
Sliders let you control simulated hydration level and other ADH-affecting factors while the 3D model animates osmoreceptor firing, ADH release, and kidney water reabsorption in response.
A single molecule of ADH can trigger the insertion of thousands of aquaporin-2 channels into a kidney cell membrane within minutes, allowing the body to shift from producing dilute to maximally concentrated urine remarkably quickly.
The simulation shows, in an interactive 3D model, how rising or falling plasma osmolality changes hypothalamic osmoreceptor firing, posterior pituitary ADH release, and the resulting insertion of aquaporin-2 channels in kidney collecting ducts to control urine concentration.
The simulation shows, in an interactive 3D model, how rising or falling plasma osmolality changes hypothalamic osmoreceptor firing, posterior pituitary ADH release, and the resulting insertion of aquaporin-2 channels in kidney collecting ducts to control urine concentration.
Adjust hydration status or simulate factors like dehydration or alcohol intake using the sliders, then watch osmoreceptor activity, circulating ADH levels, and urine osmolality update in real time across the hypothalamus-pituitary-kidney axis.
A single molecule of ADH can trigger the insertion of thousands of aquaporin-2 channels into a kidney cell membrane within minutes, allowing the body to shift from producing dilute to maximally concentrated urine remarkably quickly.