Every gap in an outfit is a chance for a defensive bee's sting to reach skin. Gear choices multiply that chance down; a lit, well-puffed smoker multiplies how often bees attack at all.
aggression = 0.90 x (1 - 0.007 x smoke%)
p(sting | attack) = suitFactor x gloveFactor x cuffFactor
attacks/min = 6 x aggression
stings/min = attacks/min x p(sting | attack)
expected/10min = stings/min x 10
- Suit — full suit 5% breach chance, half suit + veil 15%, jacket only 35% (more gaps near the waist and legs).
- Gloves — leather gauntlet 5%, nitrile 25%, bare hands 100%.
- Cuffs — sealed wrist/ankle cuffs cut the combined breach chance to 30%; left open, gaps let stings straight through.
- Smoker — masks alarm pheromone; at full puff it drops colony aggression to roughly a third of an unsmoked hive.
Watch the marker at the veil, wrist and ankle: a blue flash is a deflected sting, a red flash is a successful one.