🔥 Heat Exchanger — 2D

Counter-flow vs parallel-flow · temperature profile along length · LMTD

Hot inlet T_h,in 120 °C Cold inlet T_c,in 20 °C

Hot capacity rate C_h 2000 W/K Cold capacity rate C_c 2000 W/K Heat-transfer coefficient·A (UA) 3000 W/K

Heat transfer rate Q—

LMTD ΔT_lm—

Effectiveness ε—

Hot outlet T_h,out—

Cold outlet T_c,out—

NTU—

Countercurrent flow keeps a more even ΔT along the whole length, giving a higher LMTD and a closer temperature approach than co-current.