The wind turbine's power follows a cubic law in wind speed up to its rated speed, then flattens (pitch control). The solar array output scales with irradiance. Any surplus above grid demand charges the battery; any deficit discharges it, until the battery hits its limits.
P_wind = 0.5 * rho * A * Cp * v^3 (capped at rated power)
P_solar = P_stc * (irradiance / 1000)
dSoC/dt = (P_gen - P_demand) / E_capacity
- Wind speed - spins the turbine rotor visually and drives the cubic wind-power curve, including cut-in and rated-power flattening.
- Sunlight - scales solar panel output roughly linearly and visibly brightens the panel glow.
- Grid demand - the load the town/grid is drawing; when generation can't cover it the battery discharges (and empties if demand persists too long).
- Battery capacity - total storable energy; a bigger battery buffers longer generation/demand mismatches before hitting 0% or 100%.
Real-world application: this generation-storage-demand balancing act is exactly what grid operators and microgrid controllers solve continuously to integrate variable renewables without blackouts or curtailment.