Battery Storage Digital Twin: Fade-Rate Landscape (2D)

Duty Cycle Controls

Cycling rate (C-rate) 1.0C

Pack temperature 25 °C

Depth of discharge 80%

Time acceleration 40 cycles/s

Digital Twin Readout

Fleet State of Health

100.0%

Equivalent full cycles

Usable capacity

4.00 MWh

Worst cell SoH

100.0%

Est. cycles to 80% SoH

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How it works

Same Wohler-Arrhenius aging model as the 3D rack twin, but rendered as a parameter-space field instead of a physical cell grid. Each of 240 virtual cells ages independently:

Q_loss(%) = B(C) · exp(-Ea(C) / (R·T)) · n^0.5

B(C)   = fade-rate prefactor, grows with C-rate and DoD²
Ea(C)  = 31500 - 370·C   [J/mol]  (activation energy falls as C-rate rises)
R      = 8.314 J/(mol·K),  T = pack temperature [K]
n      = equivalent full cycles completed

The fade-rate landscape above the histogram is a genuine 2D field: every pixel solves the same closed-form "cycles-to-80%-SoH" formula at that pixel's own (temperature, C-rate) pair, at the current depth-of-discharge slice — a live contour map of the whole operating envelope, not a snapshot of one operating point. The crosshair marks where your current sliders sit on that landscape. Below it, a live histogram bins the state-of-health of all 240 independently-aging cells (each carrying its own ±8% manufacturing-variance fade multiplier, exactly like the 3D twin), so you can watch the population spread from a single green spike into a smeared green-amber-red distribution as cycling proceeds.

C-rate / temperature / DoD sliders — move the crosshair and reshape the landscape live.
Time acceleration — cycles simulated per real second.
Reset Pack — re-seeds all 240 cells at 100% SoH with fresh manufacturing variance.

Healthy cell (≥95% SoH) Degrading (80–95%) End-of-life (<80%)