Sustainable Supply Chain Trade-off Lab

Primary Transport Mode

Material & Packaging

Recycled sourcing 40%

Lean packaging 30%

Safety-stock buffer 6 days

Batch Readouts

CO2 / batch

-- kg

Waste / batch

-- kg

Cost / batch

$--

Resilience

How it works

A 20-tonne batch moves through three legs — Supplier→Factory (800 km), Factory→Warehouse (500 km) and Warehouse→Retail (150 km) — on the chosen carrier. Each carrier has its own emission factor, unit cost and speed:

CO2/t·km   Truck 0.120  Rail 0.030  Ship 0.015  Air 0.600
$/t·km     Truck 0.080  Rail 0.040  Ship 0.020  Air 0.350
km/h       Truck 80     Rail 60     Ship 30     Air 700

Transport CO2 and cost sum the emission/cost factor over all three legs for the full tonnage. Material footprint blends virgin and recycled feedstock:

materialCO2 = tonnage * (400*(1-r) + 90*r)     // kg, r = recycled fraction
waste       = tonnage*(0.18*(1-r) + 0.09*r)*1000 + packagingWaste(lean)
holdingCost = bufferDays * 0.6% of goods value per day
resilience  = 30 + bufferDays*2 + recycled%*0.1 + leanPack%*0.05  (capped 0-100)

Transport mode — rail and ship cut both cost and CO2 versus truck; air is fastest (particles visibly race down the line) but by far the dirtiest and most expensive per tonne-km.
Recycled sourcing — recycled feedstock carries roughly a fifth of virgin material's embodied CO2 and produces less scrap in production, shown as fewer red waste particles at the factory node.
Lean packaging — shrinks the fixed 2-tonne packaging waste allowance proportionally, thinning the waste particles falling at the retail node.
Safety-stock buffer — extra inventory days raise the resilience score (better shock absorption) at the cost of holding cost, visualised as the size of the warehouse buffer ring.

Virgin material shipment Recycled material shipment Waste particles

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