Scope 1, 2 & 3 Emissions Comparator

Company

Decarbonization levers

Grid renewable share 30%

Cuts Scope 2 (purchased electricity) for every company on the same grid.

Fleet / process efficiency 20%

Cuts Scope 1 (fuel burned on-site or in owned vehicles).

Supplier engagement 15%

Cuts Scope 3 (upstream/downstream value chain) — hardest to move, largest slice.

Scope 1 (direct)

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Scope 2 (energy)

–

Scope 3 (value chain)

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Scope 3 share

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Highest total footprint

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How it works

Each tower is one company's annual carbon footprint, stacked into the three categories defined by the GHG Protocol. Scope 1 (red) is emitted directly — burning fuel on-site or in company-owned vehicles. Scope 2 (amber) comes from the electricity, heat or steam the company buys — its size depends on how clean the grid it plugs into is. Scope 3 (teal) is everything else in the value chain: purchased goods, business travel, employee commuting, and — often the largest slice by far — the use and disposal of what the company sells.

tower height ∝ base(scope, company) × (1 − lever_strength × lever_reach)
grid & efficiency levers scale every company; supplier engagement is a company-level program

A SaaS company owns almost no combustion sources, so Scope 1 is tiny — but travel, commuting and hardware supply chains still leave Scope 3 dominant.
A steel mill burns fuel and draws heavy grid power on-site, so Scope 1 and 2 are large relative to Scope 3.
An airline is almost pure Scope 1 — burning jet fuel is the direct combustion the company itself controls.
A retailer barely manufactures anything itself, so nearly all its footprint is Scope 3 — the products it sources and sells.

Move the three levers and watch that only the grid and efficiency sliders can shrink Scopes 1–2 quickly — Scope 3 barely moves without a real supplier program, which is why most corporate net-zero pledges stall on exactly this slice.

Scope 1 — direct Scope 2 — purchased energy Scope 3 — value chain

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