Not every city block experiences a heatwave equally — cooling-measure coverage determines which blocks stay survivable and which cross into dangerous heat.
block_temp = baseline + heatwave - cooling_coverage*effectiveness
- City grid size — city blocks tracked for heat-island intensity.
- Cooling measure coverage — share of blocks fitted with shade, cool pavement or misting infrastructure.
- Heatwave intensity — severity of the modelled extreme-heat event.
- Cooling measure effectiveness — how much temperature each installed measure actually removes.
Heat is now the deadliest weather hazard in many countries — cities that map block-by-block heat-island severity can target cooling investment where it saves the most lives.