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This simulation models how policy levers reshape an electricity market. Five generator types — coal, gas, nuclear, wind and solar — bid into a merit-order dispatch to meet fixed demand; a carbon tax raises the effective cost of emitting plants, a renewable subsidy lowers the effective cost of wind and solar, and a renewable-portfolio-standard mandate can force additional renewable dispatch. Advancing the policy year feeds the resulting profit or loss margin back into each technology's installed capacity — profitable renewables get built out, unprofitable fossil plants retire — so you can watch adoption dynamics, the market clearing price, CO2 output and the generation mix evolve over a run of policy years.