A storm-category surge wave propagates toward shore; a breakwater dissipates part of its energy, and any
water that gets past drains away at a rate set by the town's drainage capacity.
H_surge = 0.5 · category (m)
H_after_bw = max(0, H_surge − k·h_breakwater)
reach(t) = reach0 · H_after_bw · (1 − drainage/100)
- Storm surge intensity — hurricane category (1-5), sets the incoming surge wave's peak height.
- Breakwater height — offshore barrier that absorbs surge energy before it reaches the shoreline.
- Drainage capacity — how quickly floodwater that breaches defences is pumped away inland.
- Trigger surge — launches one storm event and animates the flood wave moving inland.
This mirrors real coastal-engineering storm-surge modelling used to size breakwaters and drainage systems
for hurricane-prone coastlines.