Precision Medicine Simulator

Precision Medicine

Polygenic risk score 40%

Metabolizer genotype Normal

Standard dose 100 mg

Peak concentration

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Window status

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Time in window

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Dose given

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How it works

The helix stands in for a patient's genome: red markers are risk variants a polygenic risk score adds up across many genes, while the enzyme genotype controls how fast the body clears a drug. The drug is redosed every few hours, so a "one-size-fits-all" dose is fine for an average metabolizer but keeps accumulating to toxic levels dose after dose in a poor metabolizer, while it clears too fast to stay effective in an ultra-rapid one. Precision dosing uses the patient's own genotype to rescale the dose so its peak lands back in the therapeutic window.

C(t) = Dose·ka / (Vd·(ka−k)) · (e^(−k·t) − e^(−ka·t)), redosed every τ hours
precision dose = standard dose · (target Cmax / Cmax at genotype's k)

Polygenic risk score — the fraction of highlighted variants on the helix; a composite measure of inherited disease susceptibility, independent of how the patient metabolizes any one drug.
Metabolizer genotype — how quickly the relevant liver enzyme clears the drug, from poor to ultra-rapid; this is what pharmacogenomic testing actually measures.
Standard dose — the un-personalized starting dose a clinician would prescribe before any genetic testing.
Precision dosing — toggles genotype-aware dose adjustment; switching it off shows what happens with the standard dose alone.

Real-world relevance: this is the core promise of pharmacogenomics — testing a patient's drug-metabolizing genes before prescribing, so dosing is tailored to their biology instead of population averages, reducing both treatment failure and adverse drug reactions.

DNA backbone Risk variant Drug concentration Therapeutic window

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