Coreference Resolution: Linking Pronouns to Their Antecedents (2D)

Passage

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Scoring weights

Recency ↔ role-salience balance 0.50

Recency decay rate τ 0.35

Subject-salience strength 2.0×

Resolving

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Passage accuracy

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Top-1 vs top-2 margin

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Pronoun

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Candidates scored

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How it works

For a pronoun mention p and every earlier mention c in the passage, this scorer computes:

gender/number(p,c) fails  =>  disqualified (hard filter, always on)
rec(p,c)  = exp(-τ · (wordPos(p) - wordPos(c)))
role(c)   = 1              if c is a grammatical SUBJECT
          = 1 / roleBoost   if c is a grammatical OBJECT
score(p,c)= w·rec(p,c) + (1-w)·role(c)
antecedent(p) = argmax_c score(p,c)  over surviving candidates

Gender/number lexicon — a small hand-built table (name → gender/number, noun → gender/number, pronoun → gender/number) is looked up for every mention; a pronoun can never resolve to a candidate whose gender or number disagrees.
Grammatical role — a simplified rule-based parser walks each passage's token stream, resets at clause boundaries ("." "because" "and" "until"), and tags the first mention before a known verb as the clause's subject, and any mention after that verb as an object. Subject mentions are more salient antecedents in real coreference systems (people keep talking about who's doing the action).
Recency ↔ role-salience balance w and decay rate τ trade a nearby-mention bias against a subject-position bias — in the dog/cat/tree and teachers/students passages (where gender/number can't disambiguate) these two sliders alone flip which candidate wins.
Subject-salience strength sets how much more a subject mention outscores an object mention at the same distance.

Arcs fan out from the pronoun being resolved back to every surviving candidate; arc thickness and opacity are proportional to that candidate's score, the winner pulses green, and disqualified candidates draw as thin dashed grey lines. Box color shows the model's predicted cluster for every mention so full-passage accuracy is visible at a glance.

Entity A Entity B Entity C Unresolved candidate